Abstract
Objectives: The research aims to understand the events in order to reach more scientific and accurate facts about the Kurds in Mosul and their role in the Islamic response to the Crusader challenge in the Middle Ages.
Method: This study did not establish the Crusades as a historical military event, but rather examined the extent to which the Iraqi and military topographical factor influenced the making of that event, and the extent to which this factor influenced the demographic distribution in the Iraqi military region, as it did so on historical and historical events.
Results: The Kurds in Iraq - without combat, Yazid was an important force in Nur al-Din’s army, and they waged wars loyally. We consider that evidence of this is that Najm al-Din Ayyub and his brother Shirkuh were among his greatest commanders, and Najm al-Din Nur al-Din Mahmoud helped him in the conquest of Damascus. In addition to that, he was To respond to Shahd's role in defending the areas of the Caliphate in the Abbasid era, they remained loyal to the symbol of Islam (the Abbasid Caliphate), and did not attempt to carry out movements of rebellion and secession or occupy Baghdad, and they could have done so if they wanted to, but in sincerity of loyalty to Islam and the Abbasid Caliphate nothing else. Likewise, Salah al-Din was a symbol of Arab-Kurdish brotherhood in word and deed, and he changed the face of history as the will of the Muslims wanted. Under the purity of the true Islamic religion, Jerusalem - the site of Muhammad (may God bless him and grant him peace) and the birthplace of Christ (peace be upon him) - and the pure land of Palestine were protected from the control of the Crusaders. And he spent. Throughout his life under tents or in the expanses of war to expel the angry, he stood as an impenetrable barrier against European colonialism for thirty-five years. Yes, this is the shining role of the Kurds in defending the Islamic holy place, such as the first qibla for Muslims (Bayt al-Maqdis).
Conclusion: The study recommends the need to conduct more of these studies, because their importance has become urgent in this era for political and civilizational reasons, given that European colonialism is working hard to separate this region culturally and historically from its connection with the Arabs and Islam.
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